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Gustav Geley (1860-1924) was a French physician, psychical researcher and director of the Institute Metapsychique International from 1919 to 1924.〔("Gustav Geley" ). Biographical Dictionary of Parapsychology.〕 ==Career== Geley was born in 1868 at Montceau-les-Mines, France. He studied medicine in Annecy. In 1919, he gave up his practice as a physician and become the director of the Institut Mètapsychique International.〔 He was a spiritist and a believer in reincarnation.〔("Gustav Geley (1868-1924)" ). Encyclopedia of Occultism and Parapsychology. 2001. Encyclopedia.com. 30 Nov. 2014〕 In the early 20th century Joaquin María Argamasilla known as the "Spaniard with X-ray Eyes" claimed to be able to read handwriting or numbers on dice through closed metal boxes. Argamasilla managed to fool Geley and Charles Richet into believing he had genuine psychic powers.〔Massimo Polidoro. (2001). ''Final Séance: The Strange Friendship Between Houdini and Conan Doyle''. Prometheus Books. pp. 171–172. ISBN 978-1591020868〕 In 1924 he was exposed by Harry Houdini as a fraud. Argamasilla peeked through his simple blindfold and lifted up the edge of the box so he could look inside it without others noticing.〔Joe Nickell. (2007). ''Adventures in Paranormal Investigation''. The University Press of Kentucky. p. 215. ISBN 978-0813124674〕 Geley investigated the physical mediumship of Eva Carrière and Franek Kluski.〔 It was reported in the ''Encyclopedia of Occultism and Parapsychology'' that his "belief system seems to have made him a target for tricks by the mediums he studied and, in the end, capable of suppressing negative evidence."〔 In 1954, the SPR member Rudolf Lambert published a report revealing details about a case of fraud that was covered up by many early members of the Institute Metapsychique International (IMI).〔Sofie Lachapelle. (2011). ''Investigating the Supernatural: From Spiritism and Occultism to Psychical Research and Metapsychics in France, 1853-1931''. Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 144-145. ISBN 978-1421400136〕 Lambert who had studied Geley's files on Eva Carrière discovered photographs depicting fraudulent ectoplasm taken by her companion Juliette Bisson.〔 Various "materializations" were artificially attached to Eva's hair by wires. The discovery was never published by Geley. Eugene Osty (the director of the institute) and members Jean Meyer, Albert von Schrenck-Notzing and Charles Richet all knew about the fraudulent photographs but were firm believers in mediumship phenomena so demanded the scandal be kept secret.〔 His book ''Unconscious to the Conscious'' has been described as "almost a bible of reincarnationism."〔J. Gordon Melton, Jerome Clark, Aidan A. Kelly. (1991). ''New Age Almanac''. Visible Ink. ISBN 978-0810394025〕 Geley died in an airplane accident on July 15, 1924. He was 56.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gustav Geley」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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